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The '''Ave Regina caelorum''' is sung as the concluding {{CC|Votive antiphons|votive antiphon}} of the Divine Office during the pre-Lent and Lenten seasons, i.e. from the Feast of the Presentation (2nd February) until Maundy Thursday.

It appears to be of monastic origin but the author is unknown (dating from around the 12th century). {{W|Hermann of Reichenau|Herman Contractus}} (1013–1054) is often suggested as the author, for he wrote several popular Marian antiphons around then. This antiphon is one of the traditional concluding antiphons for {{CiteCat|Compline}} in use since the 13th century. It is traditionally recited from the {{CC|Candlemas|Feast of the Purification}} (Feb. 2) until Wednesday in {{CC|Holy Week}}.
{{WikipediaLink}}

==Notes on selected settings==
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*[[Anonymous]]
**[[Ave Regina coelorum (Ambrosian chant)|Ambrosian Chant]] ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
**[[Ave Regina coelorum (Gregorian chant)|Gregorian Chant]]
**[[Gloria-Ave Regina coelorum (Anonymous)|Trent codex 87]] 1470's. ATT, with Gloria in top voice. ("Salve radix, ex … semper")
**[[Ave Regina cælorum (Anonymous)|Trent 89]] SATTB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
**[[Ave Regina celorum (Anonymous)|Trent 91]] ATB ("…Mater regis…")
**[[Ave Regina coelorum (Anonymous)|Musica colonial archive]] SATB
*[[Gregor Aichinger]]
**[[Ave Regina coelorum a 3 (Gregor Aichinger)|a 3]] SST ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
**[[Ave Regina coelorum (Gregor Aichinger)|a 4 (I)]] SATB ("Salve radix, salve porta")
**[[Ave Regina coelorum II (Gregor Aichinger)|a 4 (II)]] SATB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
*Felice Anerio
**[[Ave Regina coelorum (Felice Anerio)|SATB]] ("Salve radix, salve porta … semper")
**Ave Regina caelorum a 8 SATB.SATB bc
<!--*[[Ave regina caelorum (Giovanni Francesco Anerio)|<span style="color:gray">Giovanni Francesco Anerio</span>]] SATB All editions withdrawn
*[[Ave Regina (Benedict Anton Aufschnaiter)|Benedict Anton Aufschnaiter]] SATB & orchestra-->
*[[Giovanni Bassano]]
**[[Ave Regina coelorum a 8 (Giovanni Bassano)|a 8]] AATT.TTTB or SATB.ATTB ("Salve radix et porta … semper")
**[[Ave Regina a 12 (Giovanni Bassano)| a 12]] ATTB.ATBB.TBBB or SATB.SATB.SATB ("Salve radix et porta … semper")
*[[4 Antiphonae Mariae (Franz Bühler)|4 Antiphonae Mariae (Franz Bühler)]] SATB & orchestra
*[[William Byrd]]
**[[Ave Regina coelorum (William Byrd)|a 4]] ATTB ("Salve radix, salve porta")
**[[Ave Regina caelorum a 5 (William Byrd)|a5]] ATTTB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
<!--*[[L'Antifona Ave Regina Cælorum (Michel' Angelo Cancineo)|Michel' Angelo Cancineo: ''L'Antifona Ave Regina Cælorum'']] in Italian SATB-->
*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Francesco Cavalli)|Francesco Cavalli]] TB & bc ("porta")
<!--*[[Ave Regina (Mark_Chapman)|Mark Chapman]] SSSAAA-->
*Marc-Antoine Charpentier
**''Ave Regina coelorum, H 19'' SMBar & bc.
**[[Ave Regina (Marc-Antoine Charpentier)|Marc-Antoine Charpentier]] Solo SS & bc; identical? to [[Ave regina caelorum, H. 22 (Marc-Antoine Charpentier)]] arr. SATB ''a Capp.''
**H 45 ''Antienne a la Vierge Ave Regina coelorum à 4 voix & 2 dessus de vln.''
*[[Ave Regina Caelorum (Sebastiano Cherici)|Sebastiano Cherici]] SAB & bc ("porta")
<!--*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Loyset Compère)|Loyset Compère]] SATB-->
*[[Ave Regina Caelorum (Carlo Cozzi)|Carlo Cozzi]] SAB & bc ("porta")
*[[Guillaume Dufay]] [[Ave Regina caelorum (Guillaume Dufay)|(3 settings in all)]]
**[[Ave Regina coelorum I (Guillaume Dufay)|a 3]] STT, STB or ATB, also arr. SATB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
<!--**[[Ave Regina coelorum a 4 (Guillaume Dufay)|a 4]] SATB-->
*[[Ave Regina celorum (John Dunstable)|John Dunstable]] SAT ("Salve radix sancta …Ave gloriosa … semper")
<!--*[[4 Marienantiphonen mit Orgel (Stefan Stocker)|Stefan Stocker]] SAB & organ
*[[Ave Regina (Carlotta Ferrari)|Carlotta Ferrari]] SSA
*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Amadio Freddi)|Amadio Freddi]] SATTB+ violin, cornetto, organ.
*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Fabio Fresi)|Fabio Fresi]] SAATB-->
*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Walter Frye)|Walter Frye]] ATB (a different text, "…Mater regis angelorum")
<!--*[[Robert Führer]]
**[[Ave Regina (Robert Führer)|I]] SATB & orchestra
**[[Marienantiphonen (Robert Führer)|II]] SATB & orchestra
*[[Ave Regina coelorum (Johann Joseph Fux)|Johann Joseph Fux]] SATB-->
*[[Ave Regina (Andrea Gabrieli)|Andrea Gabrieli]] SATB.ATTB or ATBB.TBBB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
<!--*[[Mariano Garau]]
**[[Ave Regina caelorum (Mariano Garau)|a 2]] ST & organ
**[[Ave Regina coelorum II (Mariano Garau)|a 4]] SATB-->
*[[Ave Regina coelorum (Carlo Gesualdo)|Carlo Gesualdo]] SATTB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Georges Guiraud)|Georges Guiraud]] unison (children alternating with men) & organ
*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Nicolas Gombert)|Nicolas Gombert]] SATTB ("Salve radix sancta … gude gloriosa … semper")
{{mdl}}
*Charles Gounod
<!--**[[Ave Regina, CG 103 (Charles Gounod)|Ave Regina, CG 103]] ST & organ-->
**[[Ave Regina, CG 120 (Charles Gounod)|Ave Regina, CG 120]] TTBB
**[[Ave Regina, CG 121 (Charles Gounod)|Ave Regina, CG 121]] TTBB
<!--**[[Ave Regina, CG 134 (Charles Gounod)|Ave Regina, CG 134]] SATB-->
*[[Ave Regina coelorum (Alessandro Grandi)|Alessandro Grandi]] SSATB & bc ("porta")
*[[Ave Regina coelorum, op.17/2 (Ciro Grassi)|Ciro Grassi]] SSA
*[[Ave Regina coelorum (Francisco Guerrero)|Francisco Guerrero]] SATB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
<!--*[[Ave Regina caelorum, MH 140 (Johann Michael Haydn)|Johann Michael Haydn ''Ave Regina caelorum'', MH 140]] SATB.SATB
*[[Ave Regina (Oliver Hayes)|Oliver Hayes]] SATB-->
*[[Alma Redemptoris mater - Ave Regina caelorum (Josquin des Prez)|Josquin des Prez: ''Alma Redemptoris mater - Ave Regina caelorum'']] SATB; "Ave" in middle voices
<!--*[[4 Marianische Antiphonen (Karl Kempter)|Karl Kempter]] SAB & organ-->
*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Pierre de la Rue)|Pierre de la Rue]] SATB ("Salve radix sancta")
*[[Orlando di Lasso]] ([[Ave Regina caelorum (Orlando di Lasso)|disambiguation page]])
**[[Ave Regina caelorum a 3 (Orlando di Lasso)|a 3]] STB (alternative Latin text)
**[[Ave Regina coelorum a 4 (Orlando di Lasso)|a 4]] SATB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
**[[Ave Regina coelorum a 5 (Orlando di Lasso)|a 5]] SSATB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
**[[Ave Regina coelorum a 6 (1582) (Orlando di Lasso)|a 6, first published 1582; CCCLVIII in 1604 collection]] SSATTB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
**[[Ave Regina coelorum a 6 (1604) (Orlando di Lasso)|a 6, CCCLIX in 1604 collection]] SAATBB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Jan Le Febure)|Jan Le Febure]] SSATB ("radix et porta")
*[[Ave Regina Coelorum (Isabella Leonarda)|Isabella Leonarda]] ATTB ("Salve radix porta")
<!--*Caroline Lesemann-Elliott
**[[Three Advent hymns (Caroline Lesemann-Elliott)|S(S)ATB]]
**[[Ave Regina caelorum (Caroline Lesemann-Elliott)|A(A)TB]]-->
*[[Ave Regina coelorum (Alonso Lobo)|Alonso Lobo]] SSATB or AATBB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
<!--*[[Ave Regina coelorum (Antonio Lotti)|Antonio Lotti]] SATB
*[[Ave Regina (Menegali)|Menegali]] TTB
*[[Ave Regina coelorum (Marco Molinari)|Marco Molinari]] SATB-->
*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Cristóbal de Morales)|Cristóbal de Morales]] SAATB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
<!--*[[Ave Regina coelorum (Sigismund Ritter von Neukomm)|Sigismund Ritter von Neukomm]] SSA
*[[Ave Regina Coelorum (José Maurício Nunes Garcia)|José Maurício Nunes Garcia]] SATB & organ
*[[Ave Regina a 8 (Juan Gutierrez de Padilla)|Juan Gutierrez de Padilla]] SATB.SATB-->
* [[Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina]] [[Ave Regina caelorum (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)|5 or 6 settings in all]])
** [[Ave Regina coelorum a 4 (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)|a 4]] SSSA ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
** [[Ave Regina caelorum a 5 (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)|a 5]] SATTB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
** [[Ave regina coelorum a 8 (1575) (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)|a 8]] SSAT.ATTB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
** [[Ave Regina coelorum a 8 (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)| a 8]] SATB.SATB ("Salve radix et porta … semper")
<!--*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Fabrizio Perone)|Fabrizio Perone]] SATB
*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Peter Philips)|Peter Philips]] SSATB-->
*Costanzo Porta
**[[Ave Regina coelorum (Costanzo Porta)|4 vv]] SATB ("Salve radix, salve porta … semper")
**[[Ave Regina caelorum cum 5 vocibus (Costanzo Porta)|Ave Regina caelorum cum 5 vocibus]] ATTBB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
*[[Ave Regina a 3 (Leonel Power)|Leonel Power]] ATB ("Salve radix sancta … semper")
*[[Marian Antiphons (Jeffrey Quick)|Jeffrey Quick]] SSA or TTB
<!--*Josef Rheinberger [[Ave Regina, op. 140 Nr. 4 (Josef Rheinberger)|Op. 140 Nr. 4]] SATB (organ ad lib.) a duplicate(?) of the collections:
**[[5 Hymnen op. 140 (Josef Rheinberger)|5 Hymnen Op. 140]]
**[[Carmina sacra - 11 Motetten (Josef Rheinberger)|Carmina sacra]]
*[[Ave Regina coelorum (Giovanni Battista Riccio)|Giovanni Battista Riccio]] Solo voice & bc
*[[Antifone a voce sola (Giovanni Antonio Rigatti)|Giovanni Antonio Rigatti]] S solo & continuo
*[[Andrea Rota]]
**[[Ave Regina caelorum a 6 (Andrea Rota)|a 6]] SAATTB
**[[Ave Regina a 8 (Andrea Rota)|a 8]] SATB.SATB
*Giovanni Rovetta
**[[Ave Regina coelorum I (Giovanni Rovetta)|SB and continuo]]
**[[Ave Regina coelorum II (Giovanni Rovetta)|SS and continuo]]
**[[Ave Regina a 3 (Giovanni Rovetta)|TTB and continuo]]-->
* [[Vesperae solemnis (Georg Valentin Röder)|Georg Valentin Röder]] from Vespers, SATB with orchestra
<!--*[[Ave Regina Coelorum (Antonio Sacchini)|Antonio Sacchini]] S & org.
*[[Ave Regina (Juan García de Salazar)|Juan García de Salazar]] SATB-->
*[[4 Antiphonae de BMV (Johannes Nepomuk Skraup)|Johannes Nepomuk Skraup]] SATB & bc
<!--*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Francesco Soriano)|Francesco Soriano]] SATB
*[[Ave regina caelorum (Francisco Valls)|Francisco Valls]] SATB.SATB & bc
*[[Tomás Luis de Victoria]]
**[[Ave Regina caelorum a 5 (Tomás Luis de Victoria)|a 5]] SAATB
**[[Ave Regina caelorum a 8 (Tomás Luis de Victoria)|a 8]] SATB.SATB
*[[Ave Regina caelorum (Scott Villard)|Scott Villard]] SATB-->
*[[Samuel Webbe]]
<!--**[[Ave Regina I (Samuel Webbe)|SATB & organ]]
**[[Ave Regina II (Samuel Webbe)|SS & organ]]-->
**[[Ave Regina III (Samuel Webbe)|SATB, with SATB soli & organ]]
*[[Ave Regina coelorum. Ave Domina (Adrian Willaert)|Adrian Willaert]] SATB ("Salve, radix sancta")
:(not to be confused with [[Ave Regina coelorum, Mater (Adrian Willaert)|Ave Regina coelorum, Mater…]])
<!--*Jan Dismas Zelenka
**[[Ave Regina coelorum (Jan Dismas Zelenka)|Ave Regina coelorum No. 4, ZWV 128.4]] SATB & bc-->
{{Bottom}}
{{TextPageList}}

==Text and translations==
The text of this antiphon appears to have remained fairly unchanged since the 12th century, lines 3 & 8 being standardized as noted below in the Breviary of Pope Clement VIII, published in 1602. Dufay's setting is unique in ending with an Alleluia, which probably stems from the earlier use of the antiphon at the Annunciation.
{{Top}}
{{Text|Latin|
Ave Regina coelorum,
Ave Domina Angelorum:
Salve radix, salve porta, [''or'' Salve, radix sancta,]
Ex qua mundo lux est orta:

Gaude Virgo gloriosa,
Super omnes speciosa,
Vale, o valde decora,
Et pro nobis Christum [semper] exora.}}
{{Mdl|3}}{{Translation|English|
Hail, Queen of Heaven.
Hail, Lady of Angels
Hail, root, hail, gate [hail, holy root]
From whom unto the world a light has arisen:

Rejoice, glorious Virgin,
Lovely beyond all others,
Farewell, most beautiful maiden,
And [ever] pray for us to Christ.}}

{{Middle|3}}
{{Translation|Spanish|
Salve, reina de los cielos,
Salve, señora de los ángeles,
Salve, raíz santa,
de quien nació la luz al mundo.

Alégrate, Virgen gloriosa,
entre todas la más bella.
Salve a tí, la más hermosa.
Ruega siempre a Cristo por nosotros.}}
{{btm}}

{{top}}{{Translation|Vietnamese|
Kính lạy Bà, Vị Nữ Hoàng Thiên Quốc,
Lạy Nữ Vương trên chín phẩm thiên thần,
Là Cội Thiêng là Cửa Trời vinh phúc,
Đem Vầng Hồng rực rỡ xuống trần gian.

Mừng vui lên, mừng vui lên Trinh Nữ,
Bà hiển vinh, Bà diễm lệ khôn tày.
Bên toà Chúa Kitô, Ngôi Thánh Tử,
Cúi lạy Bà, xin nguyện giúp cầu thay.}}
{{mdl}}{{Text|Caswall's {{Cat|77. 77}} metric paraphrase|cat=no|
Hail, O Queen of Heav'n enthron'd,
Hail, by angels Mistress own'd
Root of Jesse, Gate of morn,
Whence the world's true light was born.

Glorious Virgin, joy to thee,
Loveliest whom in Heaven they see,
Fairest thou where all are fair!
Plead with Christ our sins to spare.

''Translation by [[Edward Caswall]] from [http://www.preces-latinae.org/thesaurus/BVM/AveRegina.html preces-latinae.org]}}
{{Bottom}}

In the context of {{CC|Compline}} a [[Dignare me laudare te|versicle & response]] as well as a collect follow, rarely if ever set to music:
{{top}}
:℣ ''Dignare me laudare te Virgo sacrata
:℟ ''Da mihi virtutem contra hostes tuos.
{{mdl}}
V. Allow me to praise thee, holy Virgin.
R. Give me strength against thy enemies.
{{btm}}
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