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==General information ==
[[:Category:Office hymns|Hymn]] to the Virgin Mary (8th cent., author anon.)

Liturgical use: Hymn at Vespers on feasts of the Virgin Mary.

Mary's title of <i>stella maris</i> was first proposed by St. Jerome, in his treatise <i>Liber de nominibus hebraicis</i> (probably around AD 390), in which he explains the etymology of Hebrew names. He quotes unidentified sources as explaining the name of Mary as <i>smyrna maris</i>, literally <i>bitterness of the sea</i>. The Hebrew word <i>miriam</i> indeed refers to bitterness - it is explained as such in the anonymous Jewish account <i>The life of Moses</i>. St. Jerome dismisses the 'bitter' etymology, however, and proposes to change her title to <i>stella</i> maris. In order to justify his proposal, he quotes <i>Syrus</i>, most likely his contemporary St. Ephraem Syrus, who had insisted on Mary's status as <i>domina</i> or mistress.
{{WikipediaLink}}

==Notes on selected settings==
{{Top}}
*Anonymous
**[[Ave maris stella (Gregorian chant)|Gregorian chant]]
**[[Ave maris stella I (Anonymous)|in style of 19c hymn]] SATB
**[[Ave maris stella II (Anonymous)|unidentified ''ars antiqua'' (13c?)]] TTT
**[[Ave maris stella III (Anonymous)|Trent 91, 1470's]] STT
**[[Ave maris stella IV (Anonymous)|Trent 88, c. 1460]] TBBB
**[[Ave maris stella V (Anonymous)|Trent 89, 1460's]] SATB
**[[Ave maris stella VI (Anonymous)|Trent 89, 1460's]] STB
<!--*[[Ave maris stella (Francisco Alcantar)|Francisco Alcantar]] SSA & organ-->
*[[Ave maris stella (Felice Anerio)|Felice Anerio]] SATB (single verse)
*[[Giovanni Matteo Asola]]
**[[Ave maris stella (odd verses) (Giovanni Matteo Asola)|odd verses]] ATBarB
**[[Ave maris stella (even verses) (Giovanni Matteo Asola)|even verses]] ATTB
**[[Ave maris stella a 8 (Giovanni Matteo Asola)|complete]] AAATTTBB
<!--*[[Giovanni Biordi]]
**[[Ave maris stella a 4 (Giovanni Biordi)|a 4]] SATB
**[[Ave maris stella a 6 (Giovanni Biordi)|a 6]] SST.ATB
*[[Ave maris stella (William Byrd)|William Byrd]] ATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Cristoforo Caresana)|Cristoforo Caresana]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Jean de Castro)|Jean de Castro]] ST or AB-->
*[[Ave maris stella (Francesco Cavalli)|Francesco Cavalli]] ATB & bc, ritornello for 2 treble instruments
*[[Ave maris stella (Mark_Chapman)|Mark Chapman]] SATB (in D) or AABarB (in C)
*[[Ave maris stella H 67 (Marc-Antoine Charpentier)|Marc-Antoine Charpentier]] (even verses) SATBBB & bc
<!--*[[Ave maris stella (Giovanni Carlo Maria Clari)|Carlo Maria Clari]] SATB, 2 violins, & bc-->
*[[Ave maris stella (Jacobus Clemens non Papa)|Jacobus Clemens non Papa]] STTTB (vv. 1–6)
<!--*[[Ave maris stella (Andrea Cogliati)|Andrea Cogliati]] SATB-->
{{mdl|3}}
*[[Ave maris stella (Léo Delibes)|Léo Delibes]] SA & organ (vv. 1,3,4)
*[[Ave maris stella (Michael J. Drake, Jr.)|Michael J. Drake, Jr.]] SATB
*[[ave maris stella/ Virgo singularis (Benedictus Ducis)|Benedictus Ducis]] (complete, in two parts) AATTBB
*[[Ave maris stella (Guillaume Dufay)| Guillaume Dufay]] SAB or STB
<!--*[[Ave maris stella (Sebastián Durón)| Sebastián Durón]] SSAT.SATB & bc
*[[Ave maris stella (Antonín Dvořák)|Antonín Dvořák]] A or B & organ
*[[Ave maris stella (Edward Elgar)|Edward Elgar]] SATB & organ-->
*[[Ave maris stella (Caspar Ett)|Caspar Ett <small>(ST MARTIN 66.66)</small>]] unison, ATTB or SATB
<!--*[[Ave maris stella (Mariano Garau)|Mariano Garau]] SAB
*[[Ave maris stella (Cristian Gentilini)|Cristian Gentilini]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (André da Silva Gomes)|André da Silva Gomes]] SATB-->
*[[Virgo singularis, CG 130 (Charles Gounod)|Charles Gounod ''Virgo singularis'']] unmixed vv. or TTBB, organ ad lib. (verses 5 & 6)
<!--*[[Ave maris stella (Edvard Grieg)|Edvard Grieg]] SATB-->
*[[Ave maris stella (Hans Leo Hassler)|Hans Leo Hassler]] SATB (even verses)
*[[Ave maris stella (Johann David Heinichen)|Johann David Heinichen]] (all) SATB basso seguente
<!--*[[Ave maris stella (Václav Emanuel Horák)|Václav Emanuel Horák]] SATB & organ-->
*[[Ave maris stella (Jacquet de Mantua)|Jacquet de Mantua]] SATB (vv. 2,4), SATTB (v. 6)
<!--*[[Ave maris stella (Josquin des Prez)| Josquin des Prez]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Orlando di Lasso)|Orlando di Lasso]] ATBB-->
*[[Ave maris stella (Jan Le Febure)|Jan Le Febure]] SATB (even verses)
*[[Ave maris stella (José Lidón)|José Lidón]] SATB, 4-part strings
<!--*[[Ave maris stella, S. 34 (Franz Liszt)|Franz Liszt]] SATB organ
*[[Ave maris stella (Abel Di Marco)|Abel Di Marco]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Joseph Mohr)|Joseph Mohr]] SATB-->
*[[Ave maris stella (Cristoforo Montemayor)|Cristoforo Montemayor]] SATTB
*[[Vespro della Beata Vergine (Claudio Monteverdi)|Claudio Monteverdi]] SATB.SATB & bc, with instruments
*[[José Maurício Nunes Garcia]]
**[[Ave maris stella I (José Maurício Nunes Garcia)|I, SATB & orchestra]]
**[[Ave maris stella II (José Maurício Nunes Garcia)|II, SATB & bc]]
*[[Hymni vespertini (Josef Ohnewald)|Josef Ohnewald]] (X - all verses; XI - vv. 1-2,6-7)) SATB & orchestra
{{mdl|3}}
*[[Ave maris stella (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)|Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina]] (odd) SATB
<!--*[[Ave maris stella (Paolo Pandolfo)|Paolo Pandolfo]] SATB & organ
*[[Ave maris stella (Ginés Pérez de la Parra)|Ginés Pérez de la Parra]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Lorenzo Perosi)|Lorenzo Perosi]] SATB
*[[Ave, maris stella (Pascal Picard)|Pascal Picard]] SATBB
*[[Ave maris stella (Tim Pratt)|Tim Pratt]] SATB & organ-->
*[[Ave maris stella, op. 66/25 (Oreste Ravanello)|Oreste Ravanello]] SSA (odd verses)
<!--*[[Ave maris stella (Jacob Regnart)|Jacob Regnart]] SSATB-->
*[[Ave maris stella, JWV 161 (Josef Rheinberger)|Josef Rheinberger]] SATB & orchestra
<!--*[[Hail, Lady, Sea-Star Bright (Kathryn Rose)]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (Oscar Santos)|Oscar Santos]] SATB-->
*[[4 Hymni vespertini (Josef Ignaz Schnabel)|Josef Ignaz Schnabel]] (vv. 1-2,6-7) SATB & orchestra
*[[Ave maris stella (John Sheppard)|John Sheppard]] (even) SATTBB with reconstruction of lost tenor
<!--*[[Ave maris stella (Johannes Nepomuk Skraup)|Johannes Nepomuk Skraup]] SATB & organ-->
*[[Ave maris stella (Josep Navarro i Solves)|Josep Navarro i Solves]] STBarB, with STB soli & organ
*[[Francesco Soriano]]
**[[Ave maris stella (Francesco Soriano)|SATB (v. 1 only)]]
**[[Canon all'unisono a mezza pausa sopra Ave maris stella (Francesco Soriano)|Canon all'unisono a mezza pausa sopra Ave maris stella]] 3 equal: 2 canonic voices of similar range to chant.
<!--*[[Ave maris stella (Johann Stadlmayr)|Johann Stadlmayr]] SATB
*[[Ave maris stella (J. G. Stalnaker)|J. G. Stalnaker]] SATB-->
*[[Ave maris stella (Thomas Stoltzer)|Thomas Stoltzer]] ATBB (v. 1 only)
*[[Ave maris stella (Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck)|Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck]] TTB (1 verse, cantus fermus with canon)
<!--*[[Ave maris stella a 6 (Paolo Teodori)|Paolo Teodori]] SSATTB
*[[Ave maris stella (Hristo Tsanoff)|Hristo Tsanoff]] SSAATTBB-->
*[[Ave maris stella (Jacobus Vaet)|Jacobus Vaet]] (even vv. for 4, 3 & 6 voices) SSATTB
*[[Tomás Luis de Victoria]]
**[[Ave maris stella (odd verses) (Tomás Luis de Victoria)|odd verses]] SATB
**[[Ave maris stella (even verses) (Tomás Luis de Victoria)|even verses]] SATB
{{Bottom}}
{{TextPageList}}

==Text and translations==
{{top}}
{{Text|Latin|
Ave, maris stella,
Dei Mater alma,
Atque semper Virgo,
Felix caeli porta.

Sumens illud Ave
Gabrielis ore,
Funda nos in pace,
Mutans Evae nomen.

Solve vincla reis,
Profer lumen caecis,
Mala nostra pelle,
Bona cuncta posce

Monstra te esse matrem
Sumat per te preces,
Qui pro nobis natus
Tulit esse tuus.

Virgo singularis,
Inter omnes mitis,
Nos culpis solutos,
Mites fac et castos.

Vitam praesta puram,
Iter para tutum,
Ut videntes Jesum,
Semper collaetemur.

Sit laus Deo Patri,
Summo Christo decus
Spiritui Sancto,
Tribus honor unus. Amen.}}
{{mdl|4}}
{{Translation|English|
Hail, star of the sea,
loving Mother of God,
and also always a virgin,
Happy gate of heaven.

Receiving that Ave
from Gabriel's mouth
confirm us in peace,
Reversing Eva's name.

Break the chains of sinners,
Bring light to the blind,
Drive away our evils,
Ask for all good.

Show yourself to be a mother,
May he accept prayers through you,
he who, born for us,
Chose to be yours.

O unique virgin,
Meek above all,
Make us, absolved from sin,
Gentle and chaste.

Keep life pure,
Make the journey safe,
So that, seeing Jesus,
We may always rejoice together.

Let there be praise to God the Father,
Glory to Christ in the highest,
To the Holy Spirit,
One honor to all three. Amen.}}
{{Translator|Allen H. Simon}}
{{Mdl|4}}
{{Translation|German|
Sei gegrüßt, du Stern des Meeres,
gütige Mutter Gottes,
ewige Jungfrau,
sel'ge Himmelspforte.

Die du das Ave empfängst
aus Gabriels Mund
gib uns des Friedens Geist,
kehre Evas Namen um.

Löse aus Banden die Sünder,
erleuchte die Blinden,
unsere Gebrechen nimm hinweg,
alles Gute erwirke für uns.

Erzeige dich als Mutter,
durch dich empfange unser Gebet,
der um unseretwillen
dein Sohn wurde.

Jungfrau, auserkoren,
mild vor allen,
mach uns, von Sünden frei,
mild und keusch.

Gib ein reines Leben,
beschütze unsern Weg,
daß wir einst Jesus sehen
und uns allezeit freuen.

Lob sei Gott, dem Vater,
Ehre sei Christus, dem Allerhöchsten,
und dem Heiligen Geist,
ein Lobpreis sei den dreien. Amen.}}
{{mdl|4}}
{{Translation|French|
Salut, étoile de la mer,
Mère nourricière de Dieu
et toujours Vierge,
heureuse porte du Ciel.

Recevant cet Ave
de la bouche de Gabriel,
affermissez-vous dans la paix
par ce changement du nom d'Eve.

Rompez les liens des pécheurs,
rendez la lumière aux aveugles
éloignez de nous les maux,
obtenez-nous tous les biens.

Montrez-vous mère,
qu'il reçoive de vous<
nos prières celui qui, pour nous,
daigna être votre fils.

Vierge unique,
douce entre toutes,
faites que, délivrés de nos fautes,
nous soyons chastes et purs.

Accordez-nous une vie innocente,
rendez sûrs nos chemins,
afin que, voyant Jésus,
nous goûtions avec vous les joies éternelles.

Louange à Dieu le Père,
gloire au Christ roi
et à l'Esprit-Saint.
Honneur égal aux Trois. Amen.}}
{{btm}}
{{top}}
{{Translation|Hungarian|
Tengernek csillaga,
Isten édesanyja,
üdvözlégy, mindig szűz,
menny boldog kapuja.

Te, kinek Gábriel
ajka mondott Avé-t,
tégy közöttünk békét,
forditsd Éva nevét!

Szabadíts rabokat,
adj fényt a vakoknak,
űzd el bajainkat,
igényeld javunkat.

Mutasd, hogy anyánk vagy!
Hallja meg imádat,
ki értünk fiaddá
születni nem átallt.

Kiváltságos szent Szűz,
mindenek közt enyhe,
oldd fel bűneinket,
enyhíts, tisztíts minket!

Mosd meg életünket,
készíts el utunkat,
hogy örök örömben
lássuk Jézusunkat!

Istennek dicséret,
Krisztusnak dicsőség,
Szentlélekkel együtt
hármas-egy tisztesség!}}
{{mdl|3}}
{{Translation|Dutch|
Wees gegroet, o Zeester,
Moeder Gods en tevens
gave Maagd bestendig,
Blijde poort des levens.

's Engels groet aanvaardend,
grond ons in zo'n vrede
dat de naam van Eva
brenge een Ave mede.

Slaak de boei der bozen,
open 't oog der blinden,
doe onze euvlen wijken
Godes gunst ons vinden.

Toon U onze Moeder
bij de nooit Volprezen,
die, voor ons geboren,
de uwe wilde wezen.

Maak, o Maagd der maagden,
als niet één aanminnig,
ons van zonde ontbonden,
zuiver en zachtzinnig.

Doe ons, rein van wandel,
't wisse pad betreden,
tot we juichend Jesus
zien in 't eeuwig Eden.

Lof zij God de Vader,
Christus, onze koning,
lof de Geest; hun Drieën
de eigenste eerbetoning.}}
{{Translator|R.J. Jordens}}
{{mdl|3}}
{{Translation|Portuguese|
Ave, estrela do mar,
Fecunda Mãe de Deus,
Que permanecestes Virgem,
Ó doce porta dos Céus.

Vós, que ouvistes aquele Ave
Da boca de Gabriel,
Estabelecei-nos na paz,
Mudando o nome de Eva.

Libertai dos grilhões os pecadores,
Mandai luz aos cegos,
Afastai de nós todos os males
E obtende-nos todos os bens.

Mostrai que sois nossa mãe:
Por Vós ouça as nossas preces
Aquele que, para nos salvar,
Quis ser Vosso Filho.

Ó Virgem sem igual,
A mais doce de todas,
Libertando-nos das nossas culpas,
Fazei-nos mansos e puros.

Concedei-nos uma vida pura,
Fazei seguros os nossos caminhos:
Para que, na posse de Jesus,
Exultemos eternamente.

Seja louvado e glorificado
Deus Pai, Filho e Espírito Santo;
Às três Pessoas divinas
Seja prestada honra igual. Amen.}}
{{btm}}

==External links==
*[http://www.kilp.co.uk/music/Avemaris.htm An alternative English translation]

[[Category:Marian feasts]]
[[Category:Text pages]]
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