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[[Image:Celtic cross.jpg|thumb|100px]]
The ''Requiem'' Mass (''Totenmesse'', ''Messe des Mortis'', ''Messe des morts'', or ''Missa pro defunctis''), a mass honoring the dead, takes its name from the first Latin word of the Introit, which begins ''Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine'' (Grant them eternal rest, O Lord).

A musical setting of the requiem differs from the normal sung [[Mass]] in that it not only includes certain items of the ordinary mass and excludes others, but also includes the Introit, Gradual, Offertory, and Communion sentences from the Proper. The Gloria and Credo are omitted, and a Tract is substituted for the ''Alleluia''. This is followed by the Sequence (Dies irae), which is often is a major dramatic element in the composition. Sometimes responses and other texts are added from the burial service, which usually follows directly after the Mass.

A more complete list of settings ordered alphabetically is available at [[:Category:Requiems|Requiems]].
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==Notes on selected settings==
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*Anonymous
**[[Misa de difuntos (Gregorian chant)|Gregorian chant]] (with harmonization)
**[[Requiem aeternam (Ambrosian chant)|Ambrosian chant]]
**[[Requiem (Anonymous)|18c? appended to a ms. of Valls]] SA & 2 violins
*[[Requiem aeternam (Rafael Sales Arantes)|Rafael Sales Arantes]] (''Introitus'' only) SATB & organ
<!--*[[Missa pro defunctis (Giovanni Matteo Asola)|Giovanni Matteo Asola]] TTBB-->
*[[Kurzes Requiem (Johann Georg Baumann)|Johann Georg Baumann]] Baritone & organ
*[[Grande messe des morts, H 75 (Hector Berlioz)|Hector Berlioz]] SATTBB & orchestra
*[[Requiem in f (Heinrich Biber)|Heinrich Biber]] SSATB & 6-part strings
*[[Requiem in C (Moritz Brosig)|Moritz Brosig in C]] SATB & orchestra
*[[Requiem op. 5/4 (Franz Bühler)|Franz Bühler]] SATB & orchestra
*[[Missa Pro Defunctis (Manuel Cardoso)|Manuel Cardoso]] SSATTB
*[[Missa pro Defunctis (Eustache du Caurroy)|Eustache du Caurroy]] SATTB
*[[Introit (Missa pro defunctis) (Claudio Casciolini)|Claudio Casciolini]] (only Introit, in English)
*Marc-Antoine Charpentier
**[[Messe des morts à 4 voix, H. 7 (Marc-Antoine Charpentier)|Messe des morts à 4 voix, H. 7]]
**[[De Profundis H 189 (Marc-Antoine Charpentier)|De Profundis H 189]] SATB.SSATB 5-part strings & 3 recorders
*[[Requiem in C Minor (Luigi Cherubini)|Luigi Cherubini]] SATB & orchestra
<!--*[[Missa pro defunctis (Jacobus Clemens non Papa)|Jacobus Clemens non Papa]] a 4-->
*[[Requiem aeternam (Peter Cornelius)|Peter Cornelius]] TTBB (also arr. SATB)
*[[Requiem (Adrian Cuello)|Adrian Cuello]] (in progress) SSATTB
*[[Requiem in C (Johann Melchior Dreyer)|Johann Melchior Dreyer]] (in C) SAB & orchestra
*Carl Ludwig Drobisch
**[[Requiem No. 1 in D minor (Carl Ludwig Drobisch)|Requiem No. 1 in D minor]]
**[[Requiem No. 2 in D minor (Carl Ludwig Drobisch)|Requiem No. 2 in D minor]]
**[[Requiem No. 3 in E flat Major (Carl Ludwig Drobisch)|Requiem No. 3 in E flat Major]]
* [[Messa di Morti (c minor) (Francesco Durante)|Francesco Durante]] (in c minor) SSATB.ATB, 2 horns, strings and b.c.
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*Caspar Ett
**[[Requiem (Caspar Ett)|in Es für TTBB]]
**[[Requiem in c (Caspar Ett)|in C-moll für SATB]]
*[[Requiem in D minor, Op. 48 (Gabriel Fauré)|Gabriel Fauré]] w/o sequence & w/ elevation ''Pie Jesu'' SATB & orchestra
*Robert Führer
**[[Requiem 'im feierlichen Styl' op. 181 (Robert Führer)|Requiem 'im feierlichen Styl' op. 181 ]]
**[[Requiem in C (Robert Führer)|Requiem in C]]
**[[Requiem in F (Robert Führer)|Requiem in F]]
**[[Einstimmige Requiem, Op. 290 (Robert Führer)|Einstimmige Requiem, Op. 290]]
*[[Requiem (José Maurício Nunes Garcia)|José Mauricio Nunes Garcia]] 3 works
*[[Messe des morts (Jean Gilles)|Jean Gilles]]; 2 versions. Also ''Lux aeterna'' arr. for [[:Category:Solo Bass|solo bass]] available
*[[Zweites Requiem in C-moll, Op. 21 (Josef Gruber)]]
<!--*[[Requiem 'Canario' (Paul van Gulick)|Paul van Gulick]]
*[[Missa de Requiem (P.A. Halik)|P. A. Halik]]
*[[Requiem in Es (V.V. Hausmann)|V.V. Hausmann]]-->
*[[Requiem Solemne (Johann Michael Haydn)|Michael Haydn]] (c minor)
*Manfred Hößl
**[[Deutsches Requiem (Manfred Hößl)|Deutsches Requiem]]
**[[Deutsches Requiem in Es (Manfred Hößl)|Deutsches Requiem in Es]]
**[[Requiem für kleine Chöre (Manfred Hößl)|Requiem für kleine Chöre]]
*[[Missa de difunts II (Benet Julià)|Benet Julià]] a 4 + bc.
*Johann Caspar Kerll
<!--*[[Missa di Requiem (Frans Joseph Krafft)|Frans Joseph Krafft]]-->
*[[Missa pro defunctis (Pierre de la Rue)|Pierre de la Rue]] ATTB
<!--*[[Requiem (Huub de Lange)|Huub de Lange]]-->
*[[Requiem (Franz Liszt)|Franz Liszt]] TTBB & organ
*[[Missa pro defunctis (Duarte Lobo)|Duarte Lobo]] a 8, with 6-part ''Audivi vocem de caelo''
*[[Requiem (Claudio Macchi)|Claudio Macchi]] (opening verse only)
{{mdl|3}}
*Joseph Willibald Michl
**[[Requiem No. 1 (Joseph Willibald Michl)|Requiem No. 1]]
**[[Requiem No. 2 (Joseph Willibald Michl)|Requiem No. 2]]
*Cristóbal de Morales
**[[Missa pro defunctis a 4 (Cristóbal de Morales)|Missa pro defunctis à 4]]
**[[Missa pro defunctis a 5 (Cristóbal de Morales)|Missa pro defunctis à 5]]
*[[Requiem, KV 626 (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart)|Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] SATB & orchestra
*[[Missa pro defunctis (Johannes Ockeghem)|Johannes Ockeghem]] a 3/4 with tract ''Sicut cervus''
*[[Missa pro defunctis (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)|Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina]] a 5 (only offertory and ordinary set)
*[[Introitus: Requiem aeternam (from 'Messa da Requiem') (Lorenzo Perosi)|Lorenzo Perosi]] (only ''Introitus'' available)
<!--*[[Missa pro defunctis (Giuseppe Pitoni)|Giuseppe Pitoni]]-->
*[[Requiem (Marcos Portugal)|Marcos Portugal]] w/ orch.
<!--*[[Missa pro defunctis (Ramiro Real)|Ramiro Real]] a 4-->
*[[Requiem in E flat (Ignaz Reimann)|Ignaz Reimann]] w/ orch.
*[[Missa pro defunctis (Jean Richafort)|Jean Richafort]] a 6, (''Requiem in memoriam Josquin des Prez'')
<!--*[[Requiem, Op. 54 (Camille Saint-Saëns)|Camille Saint-Saëns]]-->0
*[[Requiem (Antonio Salieri)|Antonio Salieri]] SATB (soli & tutti) with orchestra
<!--*[[Requiem (Joseph G. Stephens)|Joseph G. Stephens]] (Introit, plus English texts from Tibetan Book of the Dead)-->
*[[Requiem (Franz von Suppé)|Franz von Suppé]] w/ orch.
*[[Requiem in Es (Johann Baptist Vanhal)|Johann Baptist Vanhal, in E-flat]] SATB & orchestra
*[[Agenda Defunctorum - Ad Missam (Juan Vasquez)|Juan Vasquez]] a 4 with tract ''Sicut cervus''
<!--*[[Requiem (Giuseppe Verdi)|Giuseppe Verdi]]
*[[Missa Defunctorum (Requiem) (Ludovico da Viadana)|Ludovico da Viadana]] a 5-->
*Tomás Luis de Victoria
**[[Missa Pro defunctis a 4 (Tomás Luis de Victoria)|Missa Pro defunctis à 4]]
**[[Officium defunctorum a 6 (Tomás Luis de Victoria)|Officium defunctorum à 6]]
*[[Requiem (Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse)|Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse]] (fragment, with introit and part of Kyrie) TTBB
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==Text and translations==
The sequence of liturgical movements established in 1570 by the Council of Trent is as follows:

* Introit: ''[[Requiem aeternam]]… Te decet hymnus Deus in Sion…''
* [[Kyrie]]
* Gradual: ''[[Requiem aeternam]]… In memoria aeterna erit iustus…'' (Lasso, Richafort, du Caurroy and others set the Gradual text ''[[Si ambulem]] in medio umbrae mortis'' (Though I walk in the middle of the shadow of death)).
* Tract: [[Absolve, Domine]] (The [[Sarum rite]] calls for ''[[Sicut cervus]]'', also used in [[Ockeghem]]'s Requiem)
**The Gradual and Tract are often omitted by composers, and it is not always clear that they then had to be chanted. The forward to the [http://dme.mozarteum.at/DME/nma/nma_cont.php?vsep=13&gen=edition&l=1&p1=-99 NMA Requiem] notes with surprise the conjunction in an 1828 manual of church music: "After the epistle the gradual follows: ''Absolve Domine'', or ''Dies irae''" .
* Sequence: ''[[Dies irae]]''
* Offertory ''[[Domine Jesu Christe]] - Hostias et preces''
* [[Sanctus]] & [[Benedictus qui venit|Benedictus]] (sometimes an [[elevation motet]] such as ''[[Pie Jesu]]'' replaces ''Benedictus'', a common French tradition.)
* [[Agnus Dei]] (''miserere nobis'' is changed to'' dona eis requiem sempiternam'')
* Communion ''[[Lux aeterna]]''

Because the funeral mass does not end with the usual dismissal but leads into the burial service, many composers have appended texts from the [[Office of the Dead]]:
* ''[[Libera me]]'' (Exsequiae)
* ''[[In paradisum|In Paradisum]]'' (Valediction)
The famous Requiem of Tomás Luis de Victoria is actually part of a larger Office of the Dead (''Officium defunctorum''), as Victoria has supplemented the basic Requiem with a lesson from the service of Matins (''[[Taedet animam meam]]''), a funeral motet (''[[Versa est in luctum]]''), and the Responsory from the burial service (''[[Libera me]]'').

The [[Gloria]] and [[Credo]], normally part of the Mass ordinary, are omitted from the requiem on the grounds that such overtly joyful texts would be out of place in a Mass for the dead.

Before the Tridentine reforms standardised the propers of the Requiem Mass, some composers used alternative texts for some movements, e.g. Orlando di Lasso sets the Gradual text ''Si ambulem in medio umbrae mortis'' (Though I walk in the middle of the shadow of death). While French composers had often set the Sequence (''Dies irae'') in its own right, Jean Gilles, Gabriel Fauré and Maurice Duruflé did not set it at all in their Requiems. Hector Berlioz reshuffled and slightly altered the lyrics of the Sequence.

* See also: [[Grande messe des morts, H 75 (Hector Berlioz)#Original text and translations|Variant of the text set by Hector Berlioz]]

==Second Vatican Council reforms==
In 1970 substantive changes were introduced, most notably the omission of the sequence ''Dies irae'' (which is still permitted for some weekday masses before Advent).
Alternatives were added in the Gregorian Missal:
*For the gradual: ''Convertere Domine, Laetatus sum, Si ambulem, or Unam petii.''
**The American ''Lectionary for the Mass'' suggests Psalms [[Psalm 24|23]], [[Psalm 26|25]] or [[Psalm 28|27]] for the gradual psalm.
*The tract ''De profundis'' was added as an alternate to Absolve, but only permitted during Lent. [[Alleluia]]s are to be chosen from: ''Requiem aeternam, De profundis, In exitu'', and ''Laetatus sum''.
*the Offertory verse ''Hostias'' is optional, and other offertories may be substituted: ''[[Psalm 130|De profundis]], [[Domine convertere]], [[Illumina oculos meos|Illumina oculos]] ''&'' [[Si ambulavero]]''.
* additional communions: ''Amen dico vobis quod uni, [[Domine quinque talenta]], [[Psalm 23|Dominus regit]], [[Illumina faciem tuam]], [[Psalm 16|Notas mihi fecisti]] ''and'' [[Qui manducat meam carnem|Qui manducat]]''.

Other stumbling blocks that arise from the use of old music with the ''Novus Ordo'' are the pauses for the spoken dialogues before the Kyrie and the communion antiphon; this has led to such abominations as letting the orchestra vamp on the last measures of Fauré's ''agnus'' during the ''Ecce agnus…Domine, non dignum'' dialogue.

==External links ==

*[http://requiemonline.tripod.com/ Online guide to Requiem]
*[http://imslp.org/wiki/Requiem_in_D_minor,_K.626_(Mozart,_Wolfgang_Amadeus) Requiem scores] at IMSLP
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